
After I write my annual
predictions, I keep a little file of stories that relate to my prognostications. The most active one so far – if you tune out my opening line that “this is not going to be a normal year” – is #3: “2025 will not be the year AI agents take off.” It may be hard to recall, but by the end of last year, AI agents and “the agentic web” were all the rage, pushed as the Next Big Thing by just about everyone who had a stake in tech’s Numbers Go Up economy.
But it struck me that there was a lot of wood to chop between the hand waving of tech optimists and the reality of how complex systems actually work. I noted that the most significant structural impediment was Big Tech’s business model, which is reliant on consumer advertising and enterprise subscriptions and sales. Agents, as I pointed out in Where’s The Business Model in Chat-Based Search?, will likely undermine traditional consumer advertising models employed by Google and Meta. As for the enterprise, well, inter-operability been the bugaboo and the holy grail of enterprise software for as long as enterprise software has existed. Without protocols that allow developers to integrate across diverse systems, agents are never going to take off.
It takes years, not weeks, for such protocols to emerge and gain widespread support. Earlier this year I wrote about Anthropic’s MCP, which addresses a core issue: data connectivity (OpenAI recently announced support for MCP.) But MCP doesn’t address a host of other integration issues, including user interface, directory services, communication handling, and many other dull-but-important tasks. Aware of this problem, Google this week announced another protocol: A2A.
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