The problem with mobile is that it's similar to desktop software--you have to wait for people to explicitly upgrade their phones and service plans (that they're now locked into for multiple years) before they can use mobile services. It's really not at all like the web, where upgrades happen instantly for all to use.

So I'd push mobile off to at least 2007, except for us alpha geeks.

• Posted by: Bob
• December 21, 2005 3:22 PM

Great list, John. Happy Holidays.

- Stuart

• Posted by: Stuart MacDonald
• December 21, 2005 5:40 PM

You're forgetting 2a - the specific cause of Google's stumble will be some 15 year old kid who manages to compromise Google security and access highly sensitive privacy data, sparking mass media concern over the fact that Google owns us!

-dg

• Posted by: Delicate Genius
• December 21, 2005 10:31 PM

Number 1 (Someone, ... will make a big pile of Big Media video assets freely available on the web) has kind of already started to happen, in the UK at least. The BBC and Channel4 launched their Creative Archive (slogan "Find It. Rip It. Mix It. Share It."), which is video clips of various reports etc. specifically for remixing. The "Teachers' TV" channel has also made its programmes available for download. Details at:

http://creativearchive.bbc.co.uk/
http://www.teachers.tv/

• Posted by: Rich
• December 22, 2005 1:00 AM

#7 will happen in the first half or the second one?

• Posted by: Mario Rizzuti
• December 22, 2005 1:02 AM

#1 - The gloriously web-savvy BBC are doing this already as part of their creative commons archive. Their plan is to make the entire BBC archive available to UK residents (as we paid for the content) for free online. They are actively encouraging content mash-ups etc.

Creative Archive:
http://creativearchive.bbc.co.uk

The Open News Archive:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/calc/news/

Superstar VJ's:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/calc/radio1/

So this prediction was an easy one. ;)

• Posted by: Paul Livingstone
• December 22, 2005 4:24 AM

I have my doubts about the #13.Mobile. Don't get me wrong, I really hope that happens. I just don't think anyone in the boys clubs that run the three major markets will allow it to happen. At least not in a way that we won't be paying through the nose for.

• Posted by: Derek van Vliet
• December 22, 2005 6:34 AM

I hope you're right about #7. Enough of "web 2.0" already. Too much hype.

• Posted by: eric goldstein
• December 22, 2005 7:02 AM

"Mobile."

Have you used an EVDO phone yet? If the data plans can go to a comfortable flat fee, combined with EVDO, it'll happen. EVDO makes browsing the web possible.

• Posted by: Anonymous
• December 22, 2005 7:42 AM

Google has already stumbled. Google will follow the same path as Time Warner but much faster. They have paid 1 billion for something that would have eventually been theirs for a lot less. This purchase will turn Google into an unwieldy corporation that can no longer act quickly and innovate.

• Posted by: Willliam Dyson
• December 22, 2005 8:47 AM

Oh... So Yahoo won't buy Google??? damned! :)

• Posted by: Guillaume
• December 22, 2005 8:49 AM

You forgot the one about Microsoft buying Yahoo for $60 a share :)

• Posted by: vic
• December 22, 2005 9:07 AM

John, you're a writer. What's with the word space ? (Yes it's a minor pet peeve of mine, but seriously, why does everyone talk like this?)

In other news, I met you at your Stacey's reading and enjoyed your book. The bit at the end about IBM's search stuff was really cool -- almost Star Trek-like.

• Posted by: Cyrus Farivar
• December 22, 2005 10:21 AM

For #1: The BBC, perhaps?

• Posted by: Yoz
• December 22, 2005 12:04 PM

#7 is hilarious (and probably true) - thanks for a good laught!

/Anders

• Posted by: Anders Kyhlstedt
• December 22, 2005 12:11 PM

You forgot the one about Microsoft buying Yahoo for $60 a share :)

this gag is cool :D

but the list is great, thanks

Markus

• Posted by: seekXL
• December 22, 2005 7:25 PM

How about Google co-opts Firefox, rebrands as GBrowser, and knocks off IE once and for all?

• Posted by: Brinke Guthrie
• December 22, 2005 10:33 PM

#4 - with Vive Network, perhaps?

• Posted by: Kim
• December 23, 2005 8:00 AM

as a former Gartner analyst allow me to share how really really good market predictions are made

http://dealarchitect.typepad.com/deal_architect/2005/12/the_delicate_ar.html

happy holidays

• Posted by: Vinnie Mirchandani
• December 23, 2005 8:10 AM

Point #7: I wonder if people will lean toward "Web 3.0" or a different way of labeling whatever the next "wave" of Web innovation becomes. I'd guess that ten years from now, we will remember "Web 2.0" very differently. How's "conglomermeldimization" to describe the mashup craze? (Kidding there.) Good predictions.

• Posted by: Easton Ellsworth
• December 23, 2005 11:05 AM

With a nod to Cyrus Farivar I'd like to add:

Sometime in 2006 there will be more space in the "space" space.

Great collection of predictions John.

I think most of Web 2.0 will wash away or fade leaving just a few things standing, prime among them tagging.

• Posted by: Andi
• December 23, 2005 1:19 PM

I predict your publisher will get you to do a new intro or afterword for the paperback.

• Posted by: Steve Rhodes
• December 23, 2005 4:34 PM

Here's my 'Google in 2015' predictions, and in my blog http://goolocalizations.blogspot.com you may find also about 2025, one little Applevision, a treatise about Googler, GoogleOS, and whatnot:

GOOGLEVISION

One Google opening for i18n specialist requires a candidate to possess a "vision". You want a vision, here you go.

In 1993-1994 I worked on Nostradamus TV script translation, and it was me who said that the scene of a global war of West against Islam must be dated 2001, not 2000, as faulty translation of Nostradamus' quatrains suggested. Check it out in Mosfilm archives, or in some Hollywood script hangars.

Here's what happens in the next decade from now:

1. Google buys Australia, Starbucks, Moffett Field, Antarctica, some parts of California -- from a weakening grip of Governator. Google finances the digging of the tunnel and the pipeline between Eurasian Empire of Czar Putin I and Alaskan Dominion.

2. On Moffett Field, Google builds the Babelfish Tower out of millions of nanocarbon tethers delivering food, water, replacement nuts and bolts to ISS by dozen molecules at a time. Ancient flotilla of space shuttles is grounded and converted into Starbucks restaurants.

3. Google buys CNN, FoxNews, replaces their field force by 360 deg Webcams put on every phone pole in US and in major critical points around the globe. The new service is called Google News, and its content, zoom, direction and choice of commenting blogs can be tailored by user's preferences. Hollywood movies can be watched in raw footage, or pre-director's cuts. Effects, actors and scripts can be edited by a viewer.

4. Cash is virtually abolished and used only in illegitimate trade of drugs, firearms, in presidential campains and in live prostitution. Numismatists grumble over cash substitute called AdCents: an ancient $2 bill is valued at 200 AdCents at GoogleBay: 1 AdCent is equal to 1 million of AdSense clicks. As the result, Google Cache replaces Fort Knox. Google's motto 'Don't Be Evil' now reads: 'Don't Be!" Accordingly, the final solution to private information and its theft is brought about: except for the name, approximate date of birth, and fingerprints there's nothing could be found on any individual. Legacy data like account numbers, PINs, SSN, Apt./House Numbers, etc., are known only to Google Index and corresponding agencies.

5. Google trades McDonalds' back to Canada for Québec. Resulting huge reserves of frying oil, with Persian Gulf's oil being almost finished, are used in mix with corn schnapps to fuel 4-wheeled segways, or SUVs, as in Segway Utility Vehicle. Ford leads the pack of auto manufacturers with a nostalgically smelling Segway-T model capable of 1 mpg.

6. Googlers (see section below) are routinely shot off the skies over China and Northern Korea by ancient DoS ACKACKers. Google retaliates by using Mandarin over the Continental China. Meanwhile, with Google's backing Al Gore, the old Internet inventor, buys EU Internet back from European rebels. A new resulting Internet is called Google Index.

7. Google buys LOC, NYPL, SJPL, Stanford Library, and copyright debates cease with an acceptance of Copygoogle Law. Google buys Wikipedia and Britannica, publishes the resulting Brikiwikipedia in 100 set in Katull paper volumes of 5000 pages each. To enhance readability of such a tome, Googlese it is printed in (see below) has lost many useless letters and signs like 'c', 'j', 'q', 'v', 'w', 'y', 'z', '$', comma, colon, semicolon, ellipsis, dashes, etc. Sites insisting on using old, or so called correct English, are progressively excluded from Google Index.

8. Google launches Goobble, a space telescope armed with hurricane battling laser. First fire test was partially successful: the Omega hurricane was dissipated over Cancún, Transtexas, which was severely fried in the process. Goops!

9. Google's AdSense program is challenged by AbSence ideology by Teoma, the most used search engine of 2015. Teoma's success is based on abolishing spamming and sponsored links in its search results.

10. At Googleplex and next to Vint Cerf's, Google unveils a bronze monument of me, the best Google Borshcht Chef whose after-borshcht burp renders a better "Goooooooogle" sound out of majority of contest jury for 10th year in a row.

• Posted by: localudal
• December 23, 2005 9:47 PM

Google will stop its free lunch and dinner in 2006 Q3.

• Posted by: khabri
• December 24, 2005 1:51 AM

i'd say each of these has a 10-20% chance of happening in '06, more likely '07:
- Microsoft buys either eBay or Amazon
- Microsoft buys some part of IAC (for the Ask assets)
- if Microsoft doesn't buy eBay, Yahoo & eBay merge

and if i'm wrong, i promise to make even more wild & unsubstantiated predictions next year.

- dave mcclure

• Posted by: Dave McClure
• December 24, 2005 11:14 AM

2. Google will stumble, some might say badly, but it will be significant.

So you're hinting that it may be time to sell Google shares? ;-)

6. Vista will launch, and its much anticipated and feared desktop search integration will be viewed as anemic.

It's Microsoft; it's a given.

7. "Web 2.0" will make the cover of Time Magazine

I always planned to wait until about Web 2.1rc4

8. iTunes will begin to get the speed wobbles as the music industry decides it wants to control its distribution just like in the good old days.

8a. Apple will proclaim to the old media music industry, "suck it up, we pwn you".

• Posted by: Ben Helps
• December 25, 2005 3:06 PM

Yes, I agree that there is a lot that can be done with e-bay:)
Anna

• Posted by: Anna S.
• December 27, 2005 2:17 PM

On #3 associating an identity to search terms is up to the search engine. The IP address can be associated with the search terms or not. My search engine:

http://www.tengee.com

DOES NOT collect your computer's IP Address and associate it to search terms.

RAUL

• Posted by: Raul Lopez
• December 28, 2005 9:07 AM

Cool blog!

• Posted by: Jeff D
• December 28, 2005 7:19 PM

Nice predictions, I will follow them through the year and wonder wich ones come true!

• Posted by: Bouwhuis
• December 30, 2005 11:40 AM

I predict that new web innovations will spring up out of Asia and Europe in 2006, things that we of the US-centric folk have completely overlooked. I see this happening most in countries which have much higher broadband penetration than the US.

• Posted by: Andrew S
• January 2, 2006 5:01 AM

Further to comments on No. 1 - http://backstage.bbc.co.uk/
mash it up!

• Posted by: Bladesman
• January 15, 2006 5:10 PM

yes CC and video go well together. we will see cool example's this year and not only from the BBC ;)

• Posted by: Marco Raaphorst
• January 17, 2006 3:26 AM

Hello... The coincidence wanted it that I before-look here! Me your nice and mad homepage long time looked at. And at the end I did not want to press myself simply in such a way, therefore I register myself here. Power further so. Many greetings from the Manuel

• Posted by: Manuel
• January 18, 2006 3:18 PM

Prediction #1 is a lovely idea..

but I don't think the writer understands the nature of television and film production -- that even the biggest entities don't hold the rights to all the elements in a film/ T.V. show ( For example - all the underlying music rights, including things like publishing, performance, and synchronization. Not to mention all of the issues with compensation for the actors, directors and other that allow them to hold on to discrete rights in a production... Even things like the sounds of footsteps, or doors closing might be covered by copyright. Producers have to license all of those kinds of things as well, y'know.

Which raises another question - how do you keep track of the content? And if it's a mash-up, all the rights holders that have to be compensated?

But I don't want to be a party-pooper - because I think there's one hell of a 'killer-app' waiting to be written. That seems like where one big pot of money would be.

What if there was a way to embed source info into everything that gets put up on the web -- and then have spiders do constant sweeps of the net to generate lists of how content is being used - if it's in a 'commercial' context - either directly sold, or running alongside advertising? Come to think of it -- wouldn't it be better just to have the content send out it's own signal on how it's being used, in what context and where? Then maybe have some massive server keeping track of it all?

This kind of a model could also easily take into account the the Creative Commons licensing scenario as well.

Ray

Ra

• Posted by: Ray Segal
• January 19, 2006 10:36 AM

I really like all your predictions I really hope that you are right for the 3rd year in a row! They are really cool!

• Posted by: jessie
• January 20, 2006 3:42 PM

hi i am struggling to get on the property market in n ireland , what is your feeling on this will they go up or down in value

• Posted by: paul mccune
• June 27, 2006 3:28 PM

Live is never better or worse than we think of.

• Posted by: Sernak Plywood
• July 19, 2006 12:25 AM

2006 we've seen how it is...i wonder how it will be 2016...

• Posted by: Radar
• July 29, 2006 1:13 PM

I'm new to your predictions and I'm really interested in what will really happen next year. Some parts of your predictions are really like to happen, f.e. Google - Privacy. There was the problem with AOL the last week, where AOL gave away search information data for scientific purposes. Google CEO said that this will not happen with Google-data but who knows? Goverments would pay a lot of money to get this information.

• Posted by: tom
• August 10, 2006 11:08 AM

Hello... The coincidence wanted it that I before-look here! Me your nice and mad homepage long time looked at. And at the end I did not want to press myself simply in such a way, therefore I register myself here. Power further so.

Many greetings from susan

• Posted by: rezepte
• August 15, 2006 2:30 PM

wow, let's see what's up in 2016 .... :)

• Posted by: Tottigol
• August 23, 2006 3:00 AM

seems to get very interesting in 2016.

• Posted by: Jodi
• September 6, 2006 3:03 PM

i think everything has been said.. 2016 -> we are coming ;)

• Posted by: Tim Muthmann
• October 12, 2006 3:22 AM

I cant see my Blog.

Why ?

• Posted by: Bal-Kes
• October 13, 2006 9:42 AM

Oh... So Yahoo won't buy Google??? damned! :)

• Posted by: dönerbox
• October 19, 2006 10:39 AM

Biofuel cells without the bio cells

Proteins keep cells humming. Some are enzymes that taxi electrons to chemicals outside the cell, to discharge excess energy generated during metabolism. This maintains energy flow in the cell and, in turn, keeps the cell alive.

• Posted by: Barry
• October 19, 2006 10:41 AM

Health is a high property shows the enormous growth of the last years on the market for food addition completely clearly. Unfortunately thereby also some products with only small quality criteria are washed on the market. How can the chaff be separated here from wheat? Vitamine are energy and strength for our cells. Mineral materials and trace elements are the components for optimal metabolism. Products for health and well-being.

• Posted by: Fitlineberatung der Wellness-Shop24 & Fitline
• October 30, 2006 6:07 AM

Good site. Thanks.

• Posted by: symantec firewall vpn modell 200
• November 1, 2006 12:13 PM

So Yahoo won't buy yahoo?

• Posted by: bal-kes
• November 15, 2006 10:31 AM

Quarterly Revenue Google vs. Yahoo

Google : Revenues were $2.69 billion for Q3 2006, an increase of 70% compared to the third quarter of 2005 and an increase of 10% compared to the second quarter of 2006.

Yahoo : Revenues were $1.58 billion for the third quarter of 2006, a 19 percent increase compared to $1.33 Billion for the same period of 2005.

The POWER of AdSense

Google brought in $2.69 billion from the AdWords program, both search ads and contextual ads. Yahoo brought in a total of $1.37 billion from its Yahoo Search Marketing & Yahoo Display Advertising divisions. Google brought in double of what Yahoo did in Q3 advertising sales.

Of Google’s total revenue, $1.63 billion came only from AdWords; roughly $300 million more than all of the different types of online advertising that Yahoo sells.

As a bonus, AdSense delivered $1.04 billion in Q3 2006. One billion dollars from AdSense! “Google’s partner sites generated revenues, through AdSense programs, of $1.04 billion, or 39% of total revenues, in the third quarter of 2006.”

Contextual Advertising is no longer a darkhorse revenue generator as Google AdSense is not far from equaling Yahoo’s total marketing revenues. This is why, of course, Yahoo is pushing to upgrade and rollout a more enhanced Yahoo Publisher Network once ‘Project Panama’ is fully functional.

It's all what i wanted to say..

• Posted by: Webdesign Köln Group
• November 16, 2006 9:17 AM

Right, very interesting, gr.

• Posted by: Suchmaschinenoptimierung Schamane
• November 16, 2006 9:50 AM

What if there was a way to embed source info into everything that gets put up on the web -- and then have spiders do constant sweeps of the net to generate lists of how content is being used - if it's in a 'commercial' context - either directly sold, or running alongside advertising? Come to think of it -- wouldn't it be better just to have the content send out it's own signal on how it's being used, in what context and where? Then maybe have some massive server keeping track of it all?

Greetings

• Posted by: Pozycjonowanie
• November 19, 2006 4:18 AM

Heh, it's wrong, Pozy..

• Posted by: KFZ-Kennzeichen , Wunschkennzeichen
• November 29, 2006 3:40 PM

Having visions and ideas about the future is smart like being nostradamus himself.... Nice ideas.

• Posted by: songs
• December 2, 2006 7:14 AM

I predict your publisher will get you to do a new intro or afterword for the paperback.

• Posted by: Bannerdesign
• December 2, 2006 10:36 PM

I hope you're right about #7. Enough of "web 2.0" already. Too much hype.

• Posted by: Skateboard
• December 2, 2006 10:44 PM

I really like all your predictions I really hope that you are right for the 3rd year in a row! They are really cool!

• Posted by: Manga
• December 2, 2006 11:07 PM

Many Greetings from Germany
look for Tee und Kaffee

Sylva

• Posted by: Tee
• December 13, 2006 1:49 PM

I predict your publisher will get you to do a new intro or afterword for the paperback.

• Posted by: ranking
• December 15, 2006 10:25 AM

Nice predictions, seems to get very interesting in 2016.

• Posted by: Michael
• December 18, 2006 9:26 AM

Health is more than many people think. Health means thinking anholistic way. Our Health-Experts recommend thinking of health in an german way.

• Posted by: Nahrungsergaenzung
• December 21, 2006 11:07 AM

Great and useful article, thanks a lot!

• Posted by: partyband, tanzband
• December 21, 2006 4:46 PM

so what so zap to the dönerbox

• Posted by: bal-kes
• December 24, 2006 6:15 AM

Nice predictions, seems to get very interesting in 2016.

• Posted by: canlı tv
• December 24, 2006 2:14 PM

as a former Gartner analyst allow me to share how really really good market predictions are made

• Posted by: tavla
• December 24, 2006 2:15 PM

How about Google co-opts Firefox, rebrands as GBrowser, and knocks off IE once and for all?

• Posted by: mirc
• December 24, 2006 2:15 PM

Live is never better or worse than we think of. predictions seems to get interesting in year 2016

nice xmas
ursp@ce

• Posted by: urspace
• December 24, 2006 5:04 PM

I predict that the roman catholic church will fall to the new Christian revelation circulating on the web titled The Final Freedoms, taking theological history and the rest of tradition with it.

• Posted by: Robert Landbeck
• December 31, 2006 7:51 AM

This guy that predicts is a liar because he just does the predictions in the end of 2006

• Posted by: John Smith
• December 31, 2006 11:52 PM

Hi, I want to thank you for your work and efforts in 2006 and use the time now to wish you all the best for 2007.

• Posted by: Hochzeitsmode
• January 1, 2007 2:23 PM

I hope you're right about #7. Enough of "web 2.0" already.

• Posted by: pbx
• January 10, 2007 6:19 PM

umm , good text! thanks everbody.

• Posted by: programlar
• January 17, 2007 5:25 AM

Beautiful predictions, only let's hope that the become reality.

• Posted by: John den Hartog
• January 20, 2007 9:04 AM

Wish you all the best for 2007! Would be nice to have in the next predictions some non- profit- things.

• Posted by: Italien Urlaub
• January 22, 2007 9:03 AM

only BBC !!!

• Posted by: Tanie linie lotnicze
• January 23, 2007 5:01 AM

I am off to the party tonight and will update this post after. Tomorrow hopefully will be better?

• Posted by: güzel kızlar
• February 2, 2007 9:05 AM

Nice predictions, I will follow them through the year and wonder wich ones come true!

• Posted by: ordas
• February 14, 2007 1:26 AM

Nice predictions, I will follow them through the year and wonder wich ones come true!

• Posted by: ordas
• February 14, 2007 1:26 AM

For me it´s hard to learn here, but when I´ve a little bit time it´s my place. Thanks at all....

• Posted by: Hochzeitsfilm
• February 20, 2007 4:26 AM

Well, I would assume that, let's say a decade from now on, we all will remember the glory Web 2.0 days very very differently... like always

• Posted by: Zweithaar
• February 28, 2007 7:52 AM

Well done perfect titles

• Posted by: iddaa
• March 4, 2007 1:50 PM

it's is very usefull article,thank you very much.ı want to more supply about this subject.

• Posted by: e-tr
• March 14, 2007 5:01 AM

Great for this document i`m search many days in the world wide web,but now i found this information on your site.

Thanks for help,thats the answer of all my questions i`v had

Thanks again

Timo

• Posted by: vertrag
• March 19, 2007 3:56 AM

Very good article. The best in one's kind. Thanks

• Posted by: Stron
• March 20, 2007 3:54 AM

Great and excellent article t’s realy helpful. Thanks again.

• Posted by: bannery reklamowe
• March 23, 2007 10:31 AM

yes CC and video go well together. we will see cool example's this year and not only from the BBC ;)

• Posted by: sanateseri
• March 24, 2007 7:06 AM

Good text. Thanks everbody.

• Posted by: ivanab
• April 4, 2007 7:19 PM

What will happen to live.com search? Will they get any remarkable points in users search experience? I like the SERPs of live.com and they give a nice selection of results. But it seems that I´m alone...

• Posted by: Feinkost
• April 13, 2007 2:33 AM

I like the SERPs of www.komiklik.net and they give a nice selection of results

• Posted by: komedi
• April 13, 2007 2:51 PM

your mobile marketing prediction will come true in 2007. One year to early :)

• Posted by: Marketing
• May 5, 2007 1:34 PM

Thanks, i was desperately looking for that info!, great and excellent article, it’s realy helpful. Covering some points I really needed, really useful.

• Posted by: Partnersuche
• June 5, 2007 9:09 PM

and where is iphone hype?

seychellen fan.

• Posted by: fitline
• July 10, 2007 12:59 AM

very intresting article
thx for that
and
goodluck

• Posted by: counter strike
• July 13, 2007 6:25 PM

it's is very usefull article,thank you very much.ı want to more supply about this subject.

• Posted by: Serg
• July 15, 2007 2:57 AM

Thanks everbody, great Text :-)

• Posted by: Sebby
• July 24, 2007 3:03 AM

thanks a lot :) great article :)

• Posted by: Motoryzacja
• July 24, 2007 6:06 AM

thanks a lot :) great article :)
regards Motoryzacja

• Posted by: Motoryzacja
• July 24, 2007 6:07 AM

Hi, Thanks for very interesting article. I really enjoyed reading all of your articles. It’s interesting to read ideas, and observations from someone else’s point of view… makes you think more. Keep up the good work. Greetings, sklep zoologiczny, sklepy zoologiczne

• Posted by: Sklep zoologiczny
• July 26, 2007 4:41 AM

seems to get very interesting in 2016 ;-)

• Posted by: Tom
• July 26, 2007 9:58 AM

Thank you very much, it's is very usefull article.J want to more supply about this subject.Konin

• Posted by: Konin
• July 26, 2007 1:30 PM

Oh... So Yahoo won't buy Google??? damned! :)

• Posted by: sklep rowerowy
• July 29, 2007 3:52 AM

Good site.Congrats.

• Posted by: rowery
• July 30, 2007 11:58 PM

Very nice block. nice to be here and read. so ll my compliments. Greeting and have a look fitline site.

Greetz sascha

• Posted by: sascha
• August 2, 2007 12:35 PM

I think this goes back to fundamental attitudes. The question is what to do by default and how to show people the possible other choices.There is never any reason not to explore a better way.

• Posted by: jez
• August 9, 2007 3:24 PM

Proteins keep cells humming. Some are enzymes that taxi electrons to chemicals outside the cell, to discharge excess energy generated during metabolism. This maintains energy flow in the cell and, in turn, keeps the cell alive.

• Posted by: slon
• August 16, 2007 10:00 AM