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	<title>Comments on: Google: Making Nick Carr Stupid, But It&apos;s Made This Guy Smarter</title>
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	<description>Thoughts on the intersection of search, media, technology, and more.</description>
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		<title>By: yobro</title>
		<link>http://battellemedia.com/archives/2008/06/google_making_nick_carr_stupid_but_its_made_this_guy_smarter.php#comment-7287</link>
		<dc:creator>yobro</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 31 Aug 2011 16:56:16 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>&lt;p&gt;I encourage everybody to read the full book, &quot;The Shallows,&quot; before coming to any conclusions. The valid criticisms raised here are all dealt with in his book, and supported with relevant and fascinating brain research. As a clinical psychologist, I find his thesis, essentially an update of Marshall McLuhan backed up with copious scientific study, a cogent one: Our regular use of the internet, like any form of media, changes us. The real question is, How?&lt;/p&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I encourage everybody to read the full book, &#8220;The Shallows,&#8221; before coming to any conclusions. The valid criticisms raised here are all dealt with in his book, and supported with relevant and fascinating brain research. As a clinical psychologist, I find his thesis, essentially an update of Marshall McLuhan backed up with copious scientific study, a cogent one: Our regular use of the internet, like any form of media, changes us. The real question is, How?</p>
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		<title>By: Bill Roberts</title>
		<link>http://battellemedia.com/archives/2008/06/google_making_nick_carr_stupid_but_its_made_this_guy_smarter.php#comment-7286</link>
		<dc:creator>Bill Roberts</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 20 Jun 2008 10:10:34 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>&lt;p&gt;John, &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;I definitely agree with you. The web plus my trusty laptop has made a dramatic (and generally positive) difference to the way I discuss things with friends, or watch TV or a movie.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;The internet is like a knowledge amplifier in this way - if I&#039;m having an argument, now I can quickly back up opinions with facts. (And often find I was wrong, or at least that reality is more complicated and interesting than I first thought).  &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;We do suffer from the &quot;curse of IMDB&quot; though: my wife can&#039;t resist the temptation of opening up the laptop to answer the &quot;what else was she in?&quot; question when we&#039;re watching a film.&lt;/p&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>John, </p>
<p>I definitely agree with you. The web plus my trusty laptop has made a dramatic (and generally positive) difference to the way I discuss things with friends, or watch TV or a movie.</p>
<p>The internet is like a knowledge amplifier in this way &#8211; if I&#8217;m having an argument, now I can quickly back up opinions with facts. (And often find I was wrong, or at least that reality is more complicated and interesting than I first thought).  </p>
<p>We do suffer from the &#8220;curse of IMDB&#8221; though: my wife can&#8217;t resist the temptation of opening up the laptop to answer the &#8220;what else was she in?&#8221; question when we&#8217;re watching a film.</p>
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		<title>By: Eric Brenes</title>
		<link>http://battellemedia.com/archives/2008/06/google_making_nick_carr_stupid_but_its_made_this_guy_smarter.php#comment-7285</link>
		<dc:creator>Eric Brenes</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 18 Jun 2008 10:33:35 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://battellemedia.com/archives/2008/06/google_making_nick_carr_stupid_but_its_made_this_guy_smarter.php#comment-7285</guid>
		<description>&lt;p&gt;Google is a godssend to me, It has helped me find the meanings to all words which are outside my vocablury, (quick google check here and correction following...) vocabulary! , It has helped me to voice my own opinions, it has also heled me to identify any kind of wildlife which appears in front of me... and vice versa. I never knew what a Swift looked like until the day I searched for it... and the day I searched for it, was exactly the day I saw it later on, high high up in the sky! Amazing. &lt;br /&gt;
This fact bring up the concept of knowledge and association, which in turn supports the knowledge... unless you&#039;re one of the insomniacs which stay up all night &quot;Googling&quot; in which case the human brain has no real chance to tie up connections and associations which form the part of working knowledge. My conclusion to this would be that with so much knowledge and know-how... It would be impossible to call someone stupid. &lt;br /&gt;
Now I would like to ask Mr Carr &quot; Are you one of the kind which spend all night Googling? &quot; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Google is a godssend to me, It has helped me find the meanings to all words which are outside my vocablury, (quick google check here and correction following&#8230;) vocabulary! , It has helped me to voice my own opinions, it has also heled me to identify any kind of wildlife which appears in front of me&#8230; and vice versa. I never knew what a Swift looked like until the day I searched for it&#8230; and the day I searched for it, was exactly the day I saw it later on, high high up in the sky! Amazing. <br />
This fact bring up the concept of knowledge and association, which in turn supports the knowledge&#8230; unless you&#8217;re one of the insomniacs which stay up all night &#8220;Googling&#8221; in which case the human brain has no real chance to tie up connections and associations which form the part of working knowledge. My conclusion to this would be that with so much knowledge and know-how&#8230; It would be impossible to call someone stupid. <br />
Now I would like to ask Mr Carr &#8221; Are you one of the kind which spend all night Googling? &#8221; </p>
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		<title>By: JG</title>
		<link>http://battellemedia.com/archives/2008/06/google_making_nick_carr_stupid_but_its_made_this_guy_smarter.php#comment-7284</link>
		<dc:creator>JG</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 17 Jun 2008 22:32:24 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://battellemedia.com/archives/2008/06/google_making_nick_carr_stupid_but_its_made_this_guy_smarter.php#comment-7284</guid>
		<description>&lt;p&gt;@nmw: Yes, quintura is fun.  It might not be the final answer.  But at least they are trying.  I get the sense that Google isn&#039;t even trying.  &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;@John Battelle: Alright, so you&#039;ve garnered 51 responses to you post.  Well, only 23 responses, after you strip out the way-to-many times that I responded. :-) But still, a lot.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;For example, one blogger writes:&lt;br /&gt;
&quot;&lt;i&gt;Battelle complains that Carr is afraid of thinking in &#039;different&#039; ways, when in fact the article is very much about the inability to focus attention due to the randomization that the net injects into our thinking. Any business that is monetized by frequency (of visits) must attempt to increase that frequency.&lt;/i&gt;&quot; &lt;a href=&quot;http://datamining.typepad.com/data_mining/2008/06/google-koan.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://datamining.typepad.com/data_mining/2008/06/google-koan.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;That has been my central thesis for a while, too.  There are ways of designing the search interaction to get users to delve more deeply into results, to cross-correlate and to help us make sense of what we are seeing and understand the broader picture.  But being able to engage with information on that level results in a decrease in frequency of new queries, which results in a decrease in the number of ads one can show.  &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Additionally, Nick Carr has 4-5 good blog post responses and anecdotes.  This one was particularly compelling: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.roughtype.com/archives/2008/06/more_food_for_t.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.roughtype.com/archives/2008/06/more_food_for_t.php&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Note the analogy to fast food (see also multiple McDonald&#039;s comments above).  Also note the comment about exploration vs. exploitation -- I was trying to say something similar, above: &lt;a href=&quot;http://battellemedia.com/archives/004494.php#comment_131787&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://battellemedia.com/archives/004494.php#comment_131787&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;So yes, you are indeed not alone. But it also seems to me that there a quite a lot of people that agree with Carr&#039;s fundamental premise.  Many more people than I actually expected.  I thought that the blogosphere&#039;s reaction would come out almost uniformly against Carr.  Instead, quite a lot of people are agreeing with him.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;So I would be interested in hearing your additional thoughts on the matter.  And I&#039;m still wondering what 20% time has to do with it.  &lt;/p&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>@nmw: Yes, quintura is fun.  It might not be the final answer.  But at least they are trying.  I get the sense that Google isn&#8217;t even trying.  </p>
<p>@John Battelle: Alright, so you&#8217;ve garnered 51 responses to you post.  Well, only 23 responses, after you strip out the way-to-many times that I responded. <img src='http://battellemedia.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif' alt=':-)' class='wp-smiley' />  But still, a lot.</p>
<p>For example, one blogger writes:<br />
&#8220;<i>Battelle complains that Carr is afraid of thinking in &#8216;different&#8217; ways, when in fact the article is very much about the inability to focus attention due to the randomization that the net injects into our thinking. Any business that is monetized by frequency (of visits) must attempt to increase that frequency.</i>&#8221; <a href="http://datamining.typepad.com/data_mining/2008/06/google-koan.html" rel="nofollow">http://datamining.typepad.com/data_mining/2008/06/google-koan.html</a></p>
<p>That has been my central thesis for a while, too.  There are ways of designing the search interaction to get users to delve more deeply into results, to cross-correlate and to help us make sense of what we are seeing and understand the broader picture.  But being able to engage with information on that level results in a decrease in frequency of new queries, which results in a decrease in the number of ads one can show.  </p>
<p>Additionally, Nick Carr has 4-5 good blog post responses and anecdotes.  This one was particularly compelling: <a href="http://www.roughtype.com/archives/2008/06/more_food_for_t.php" rel="nofollow">http://www.roughtype.com/archives/2008/06/more_food_for_t.php</a><br />
Note the analogy to fast food (see also multiple McDonald&#8217;s comments above).  Also note the comment about exploration vs. exploitation &#8212; I was trying to say something similar, above: <a href="http://battellemedia.com/archives/004494.php#comment_131787" rel="nofollow">http://battellemedia.com/archives/004494.php#comment_131787</a></p>
<p>So yes, you are indeed not alone. But it also seems to me that there a quite a lot of people that agree with Carr&#8217;s fundamental premise.  Many more people than I actually expected.  I thought that the blogosphere&#8217;s reaction would come out almost uniformly against Carr.  Instead, quite a lot of people are agreeing with him.</p>
<p>So I would be interested in hearing your additional thoughts on the matter.  And I&#8217;m still wondering what 20% time has to do with it.  </p>
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		<title>By: Tomi Itkonen (URL fixed)</title>
		<link>http://battellemedia.com/archives/2008/06/google_making_nick_carr_stupid_but_its_made_this_guy_smarter.php#comment-7283</link>
		<dc:creator>Tomi Itkonen (URL fixed)</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 15 Jun 2008 22:23:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://battellemedia.com/archives/2008/06/google_making_nick_carr_stupid_but_its_made_this_guy_smarter.php#comment-7283</guid>
		<description>&lt;p&gt;Oops, can I fix the URL? Thanks.&lt;/p&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Oops, can I fix the URL? Thanks.</p>
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		<title>By: Tomi Itkonen</title>
		<link>http://battellemedia.com/archives/2008/06/google_making_nick_carr_stupid_but_its_made_this_guy_smarter.php#comment-7282</link>
		<dc:creator>Tomi Itkonen</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 15 Jun 2008 22:07:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://battellemedia.com/archives/2008/06/google_making_nick_carr_stupid_but_its_made_this_guy_smarter.php#comment-7282</guid>
		<description>&lt;p&gt;Hmm... I read the story from The Atlantic, and I couldn&#039;t find Nick Carr stating that &quot;Google makes us stupid&quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
Was it there somewhere between the lines?&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Anyway, I&#039;d see that the web is clearly one of the most &lt;b&gt;human&lt;/b&gt; technological inventions. One example: we don&#039;t have to learn arcane commands and syntaxes to use it. There&#039;s a big difference between building an SQL query and using web search.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Furthermore, what&#039;s the difference between reading a book (i.e. going through a set of pages), and browsing the web (likewise: going through a set of pages)?  &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hmm&#8230; I read the story from The Atlantic, and I couldn&#8217;t find Nick Carr stating that &#8220;Google makes us stupid&#8221;.<br />
Was it there somewhere between the lines?</p>
<p>Anyway, I&#8217;d see that the web is clearly one of the most <b>human</b> technological inventions. One example: we don&#8217;t have to learn arcane commands and syntaxes to use it. There&#8217;s a big difference between building an SQL query and using web search.</p>
<p>Furthermore, what&#8217;s the difference between reading a book (i.e. going through a set of pages), and browsing the web (likewise: going through a set of pages)?  </p></p>
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		<title>By: Reviews</title>
		<link>http://battellemedia.com/archives/2008/06/google_making_nick_carr_stupid_but_its_made_this_guy_smarter.php#comment-7281</link>
		<dc:creator>Reviews</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 15 Jun 2008 12:22:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://battellemedia.com/archives/2008/06/google_making_nick_carr_stupid_but_its_made_this_guy_smarter.php#comment-7281</guid>
		<description>&lt;p&gt;I agree with JG, &quot;I think there is some merit to the point that Google makes us dumber, because it conditions us to believe that its top 10 results are (1) the best answers, and (2) the only answers. Even if it says that there are 1.2 million hits, Google gives us no informational, sensemaking instruments to help us deal with those 1.2 million hits, and thereby encourages us to lazily not bother. Who can possibly scroll through 1.2 million results, 10 links at a time? And even if you do have the patience to manually slog through, say 500 of those 1.2 million results, how does Google really help you organize and categorize and sort through what you&#039;re finding, as you find it?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I agree with JG, &#8220;I think there is some merit to the point that Google makes us dumber, because it conditions us to believe that its top 10 results are (1) the best answers, and (2) the only answers. Even if it says that there are 1.2 million hits, Google gives us no informational, sensemaking instruments to help us deal with those 1.2 million hits, and thereby encourages us to lazily not bother. Who can possibly scroll through 1.2 million results, 10 links at a time? And even if you do have the patience to manually slog through, say 500 of those 1.2 million results, how does Google really help you organize and categorize and sort through what you&#8217;re finding, as you find it?&#8221;</p>
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		<title>By: nmw</title>
		<link>http://battellemedia.com/archives/2008/06/google_making_nick_carr_stupid_but_its_made_this_guy_smarter.php#comment-7280</link>
		<dc:creator>nmw</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 13 Jun 2008 23:15:11 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://battellemedia.com/archives/2008/06/google_making_nick_carr_stupid_but_its_made_this_guy_smarter.php#comment-7280</guid>
		<description>&lt;p&gt;Thanks, JG!&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Yes, I totally agree.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Have you tried &lt;a href=&quot;http://quintura.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://quintura.com&lt;/a&gt; ?&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;I think that site is alot of fun.... (*)&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;:D nmw&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;(*) but actually I easily tire of keyword clustering :S (but still: the way they have done it is -- I think -- like *way cool*... how long before somebody buys them? or makes an agreement to &quot;protect&quot; their property? ;P)&lt;/p&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thanks, JG!</p>
<p>Yes, I totally agree.</p>
<p>Have you tried <a href="http://quintura.com" rel="nofollow">http://quintura.com</a> ?</p>
<p>I think that site is alot of fun&#8230;. (*)</p>
<p> <img src='http://battellemedia.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_biggrin.gif' alt=':D' class='wp-smiley' />  nmw</p>
<p>(*) but actually I easily tire of keyword clustering :S (but still: the way they have done it is &#8212; I think &#8212; like *way cool*&#8230; how long before somebody buys them? or makes an agreement to &#8220;protect&#8221; their property? ;P)</p>
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		<title>By: JG</title>
		<link>http://battellemedia.com/archives/2008/06/google_making_nick_carr_stupid_but_its_made_this_guy_smarter.php#comment-7279</link>
		<dc:creator>JG</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 13 Jun 2008 18:17:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://battellemedia.com/archives/2008/06/google_making_nick_carr_stupid_but_its_made_this_guy_smarter.php#comment-7279</guid>
		<description>&lt;p&gt;And the final paragraph from the same aforementioned paper:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Thus, we conclude that our quite simple interface-based query&lt;br /&gt;
elicitation technique results in significantly longer, and more&lt;br /&gt;
useful searcher queries in a Web searching task than typical&lt;br /&gt;
query elicitation, for a best-match information retrieval system.&lt;br /&gt;
Furthermore, we conclude that longer searcher queries result in&lt;br /&gt;
increased search effectiveness in general, indicating that more&lt;br /&gt;
words from the searcher describing the person’s information&lt;br /&gt;
problem results in better interactive IR performance. Taken&lt;br /&gt;
together, our results mean that getting longer queries from&lt;br /&gt;
searchers in a best-match Web searching environment is not&lt;br /&gt;
only possible, but desirable and useful.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;This paper was published 5 years ago.  5 years.  And what has Google done, in the meantime, to change its interfaces and algorithms to elicit longer queries, to improve user satisfaction and performance, so that users more often find what they need in the SERPs, rather than resort to clicking an ad?  As far as I can tell, nothing.  The Google interface looks exactly like it did in 1998.  &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Am I really expected to believe that the first interface that Google ever tried, over a decade ago, is really the best one that will ever be?  That Google has tried* implementing query interfaces that elicit longer queries, and that every single one has failed, lending evermore credence to the belief that the 1998 interface is already perfect?  &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;If we believe that, then Nick Carr is correct.  Google has made us stupid.  &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;----&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;*(And if so, why have I never, in 10 years of using Google, seen any of these other interfaces? They were never tested on *me*!)&lt;/p&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>And the final paragraph from the same aforementioned paper:</p>
<p><i>Thus, we conclude that our quite simple interface-based query<br />
elicitation technique results in significantly longer, and more<br />
useful searcher queries in a Web searching task than typical<br />
query elicitation, for a best-match information retrieval system.<br />
Furthermore, we conclude that longer searcher queries result in<br />
increased search effectiveness in general, indicating that more<br />
words from the searcher describing the person’s information<br />
problem results in better interactive IR performance. Taken<br />
together, our results mean that getting longer queries from<br />
searchers in a best-match Web searching environment is not<br />
only possible, but desirable and useful.</i></p>
<p>This paper was published 5 years ago.  5 years.  And what has Google done, in the meantime, to change its interfaces and algorithms to elicit longer queries, to improve user satisfaction and performance, so that users more often find what they need in the SERPs, rather than resort to clicking an ad?  As far as I can tell, nothing.  The Google interface looks exactly like it did in 1998.  </p>
<p>Am I really expected to believe that the first interface that Google ever tried, over a decade ago, is really the best one that will ever be?  That Google has tried* implementing query interfaces that elicit longer queries, and that every single one has failed, lending evermore credence to the belief that the 1998 interface is already perfect?  </p>
<p>If we believe that, then Nick Carr is correct.  Google has made us stupid.  </p>
<p>&#8212;-</p>
<p>*(And if so, why have I never, in 10 years of using Google, seen any of these other interfaces? They were never tested on *me*!)</p>
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		<title>By: JG</title>
		<link>http://battellemedia.com/archives/2008/06/google_making_nick_carr_stupid_but_its_made_this_guy_smarter.php#comment-7278</link>
		<dc:creator>JG</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 13 Jun 2008 18:02:10 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://battellemedia.com/archives/2008/06/google_making_nick_carr_stupid_but_its_made_this_guy_smarter.php#comment-7278</guid>
		<description>&lt;p&gt;@gregory: I know and accept that, in science, there are certain questions that we will never be able to find proof (or, technically, &quot;find disproof&quot;), simply due to the nature and structure of the problem.  Goedel&#039;s incompleteness theorem lets us know that.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;But I&#039;m not talking about those sorts of problems.  I&#039;m talking about the fact that there are things for which Google has the ability to find proof.. but doesn&#039;t want to because.. well, who knows why for sure.  Maybe it&#039;ll disrupt their business model?&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;@nmw: I don&#039;t know if your call for a link was to Bertil, or to me.  In case it was the latter, here you go:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://sils.unc.edu/~dianek/belkin-sigir03.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://sils.unc.edu/~dianek/belkin-sigir03.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Citing the abstract:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Query length in best-match information retrieval (IR) systems is&lt;br /&gt;
well known to be positively related to effectiveness in the IR&lt;br /&gt;
task, when measured in experimental, non-interactive&lt;br /&gt;
environments. However, in operational, interactive IR systems,&lt;br /&gt;
query length is quite typically very short, on the order of two to&lt;br /&gt;
three words. We report on a study which tested the effectiveness&lt;br /&gt;
of a particular query elicitation technique in increasing initial&lt;br /&gt;
searcher query length, and which tested the effectiveness of&lt;br /&gt;
queries elicited using this technique, and the relationship in&lt;br /&gt;
general between query length and search effectiveness in&lt;br /&gt;
interactive IR. Results show that the specific technique results in&lt;br /&gt;
longer queries than a standard query elicitation technique, that&lt;br /&gt;
this technique is indeed usable, that the technique results in&lt;br /&gt;
increased user satisfaction with the search, and that query length&lt;br /&gt;
is positively correlated with user satisfaction with the search.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>@gregory: I know and accept that, in science, there are certain questions that we will never be able to find proof (or, technically, &#8220;find disproof&#8221;), simply due to the nature and structure of the problem.  Goedel&#8217;s incompleteness theorem lets us know that.</p>
<p>But I&#8217;m not talking about those sorts of problems.  I&#8217;m talking about the fact that there are things for which Google has the ability to find proof.. but doesn&#8217;t want to because.. well, who knows why for sure.  Maybe it&#8217;ll disrupt their business model?</p>
<p>@nmw: I don&#8217;t know if your call for a link was to Bertil, or to me.  In case it was the latter, here you go:</p>
<p><a href="http://sils.unc.edu/~dianek/belkin-sigir03.pdf" rel="nofollow">http://sils.unc.edu/~dianek/belkin-sigir03.pdf</a></p>
<p>Citing the abstract:</p>
<p><i>Query length in best-match information retrieval (IR) systems is<br />
well known to be positively related to effectiveness in the IR<br />
task, when measured in experimental, non-interactive<br />
environments. However, in operational, interactive IR systems,<br />
query length is quite typically very short, on the order of two to<br />
three words. We report on a study which tested the effectiveness<br />
of a particular query elicitation technique in increasing initial<br />
searcher query length, and which tested the effectiveness of<br />
queries elicited using this technique, and the relationship in<br />
general between query length and search effectiveness in<br />
interactive IR. Results show that the specific technique results in<br />
longer queries than a standard query elicitation technique, that<br />
this technique is indeed usable, that the technique results in<br />
increased user satisfaction with the search, and that query length<br />
is positively correlated with user satisfaction with the search.</i></p>
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